The Chemistry of Petroleum Products

The Chemistry of Petroleum ProductsEvery family will come across the word 'gasoline' sooner or later. I believe this comes from the Latin words gignere which means to warm and then by association the English word, has come to mean 'to burn'. As, well as this there is also the modern meaning of the word, which is the chemical properties of crude oil. You'll find gasoline in every vehicle on the road; it's used in the engines of cars, engines in boats and petrol for boats.The starting point of any petrol chemistry is how to convert oil to gasoline. To do this you need to know about the various fuels used by people around the world, as well as what's being produced by the oil industry today. In this article we'll be looking at three common forms of petrol and how they're produced.Crude oil is generally sourced from reservoirs all over the world. The oil industry can be quite complicated and by far the most popular source of crude oil is found in the North Sea off England. Crude oil is i n essence a combination of various chemicals. To turn the oil into usable fuel you need to separate the chemicals out and then convert them back into liquid form.When crude oil is separated from water, it can be further processed to produce high-grade diesel, gasoline and kerosene. To extract the pure petroleum product from the refinery requires specialized equipment. These products are then refined to meet commercial standards.Refineries are used to make synthetic gasoline. Synthetic gasoline is basically gasoline that has been created from natural gas. This process uses methanol as a starting point, and the resulting gasoline is then treated with different chemicals.Petrochemical refining uses special processing methods to turn crude oil and gasoline back into gasoline. Petroleum products used in the production of synthetic gasoline are usually nitrogentetroxide. Nitrogen tetroxide can also be called nitrogen gas in the US and hydrogen sulfide in other countries.Gasoline chemistry products are made from both natural gas and synthetic gasoline. They can be found in the form of regular gasoline or also known as ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD). Both of these products are made from natural gas or petroleum byproducts, although these gasoline chemistry products differ in the manner they are produced.Synthetic gasoline is the safest fuel for your car but still requires certain safety measures to be taken to ensure safety on the road. Using the correct accessories and maintenance practices you can use synthetics safely and enjoy all the benefits they have to offer. With the new innovations from the recent years it's possible to enjoy a safe and happy journey with all the emissions from your vehicle's still contained within the car.

Aerosoles Shoes Tutors For Women

Aerosoles Shoes Tutors For WomenIf you have ever taken a set of Aerosoles shoes as a gift for someone, chances are that you have either never worn them or will not be able to wear them again because they are not long enough. Aerosoles shoes are made to be worn on the foot with the toes bent up to the top of the foot. They are slip-on shoes that the feet are held up by Velcro so that the foot can be rolled over when needed. People who have worn Aerosoles shoes always have their feet very warm and have not experienced any blistering or soreness.Many people who wear them feel their toes are fully extended and have seen their eyes glazed over with their eyes closed. They really feel as if they are wearing the feet of a person about four inches higher than their own. They feel as if their feet are smaller and the result is an athletic type feeling. Aerosoles shoes have been called a 'foot care' product because of how well they relieve some of the aches and pains associated with having so much motion in the feet. There are many women that swear by them and find them comfortable and easy to wear.At this time there are a couple of Aerosoles shoes tutors that fit women, but the trainer mules are still a ways off from being released. The largest shoe that you can wear is a 5 inch size for the shoes tutor mules. If you want to buy one of the larger sizes, now is the time to do it because the trainers will be coming soon.You can select the colors you want with the trainers, as well as the length of the trainer mules. Some people have difficulty in putting on the shoes as well as in walking them off, but the tutors have a lock that you can use to secure them on your feet. The makers have actually made some that are very attractive with looks and you will find many women in all shapes and sizes that will want to wear them.They anticipate having the first ones available in the beginning of this year. They have put in a lot of research and testing in order to come up with some thing that they believe will be the best.The trainers will be for sale by the summer of 2020 and will become available at a lower price than the trainers. The trainers will be limited to those sizes as well as those prices until the end of this year. When they are available, there will be the opportunity to buy some of the tutors, if you would like.They should be available in the first half of 2020 and they should be able to be purchased through a store that they have partnered with. There is also the chance that they will be sold online and the stores will get them from their own stores. It will be a great thing for the women who wear the shoes to be able to buy them from their favorite store that they love and find some great deals.

Golgi Complex

Golgi Complex General description: The Golgi complex was first discovered in 1897 by Italian physician Camillo Golgi. The Golgi complex, also termed as Golgi body is a single membrane bound organelle and part of endomembrane system. Golgi complex characteristics: It consists of five to eight flattened membrane bound sacs called the cisternae. Each stack if cisternae us termed as Golgi stack. The cisternae in Golgi stack vary in number, shape and organization in different cell types. In unicellular flagellates, however, as many as 60 cisternae many combine to make up the Golgi stack. The number of Golgi complexes in a cell varies according to its function. A mammalian cell typically contains 40-100 stacks. In mammalian cells, multiple Golgi stacks are linked together at their edges. Golgi complex structure: Each Golgi stack has two distinct faces: a cis face (or the entry face) and a Trans face (or maturing face). Both cis and trans faces are closely associated with special compartments: the cis Golgi network (CGN) and the trans Golgi network (TGN), respectively. TGN was earlier known as GERL (Golgi apparatus- ER-Lysosome). Proteins and lipids enter the cis Golgi network in vesicular tubular clusters arriving from ER and exit from the trans Golgi network. Both networks are thought to be important for protein sorting. Similarly, proteins exiting from the TGN can either move onward and be sorted according to whether they are destined for lysosomes, secretory vesicles or the cell surface, or to be returned to an earlier compartment. The Golgi apparatus is especially prominent in cells that are specialized for secretion, such as the goblet cells of intestinal epithelium, which secrete large amounts of polysaccharide-rich mucus into the gut. In such cells, usually large secretory vesicles are found on the trans side of the Golgi apparatus. Secretory vesicles form from the TGN , and they release their contents to the cell exterior by exocytosis. The membrane proteins and the lipids in these vesicles provide new components for the cells plasma membrane, while soluble protein and other compounds inside the vesicles are secreted to the extracellular space. Functions of Golgi complex: The Golgi complex is often considered the distribution and shipping department for the cells chemical products. It modifies proteins and lipids that have been built in the ER and prepares them for export outside of the cell or for transport to other location in the cell. Proteins and lipids from the smooth and rough ER bud off in tiny bubble- like vesicles that move through the cytoplasm until reach the Golgi apparatus. The vesicles fuse with the Golgi membranes and release their internally stored molecules into the organelle. Glycosylation of proteins: N-linked oligosaccharide chains on proteins are altered as the proteins pass through the Golgi cisternae en route from the ER. Further modifications of N-linked oligosaccharide in the Golgi apparatus gives two broad classes of N-liked oligosaccharides, the complex oligosaccharides and the high mannose oligosaccharides. High mannose oligosaccharides have no new sugars added to them in the Golgi body. They contain just two N-acetylglucosamines and many mannose residues. Complex oligosaccharides, by contrast, can contain more than the orginal two N-acetylglucosamines as well as a variable number of galactose and sialic acid residues and, in some cases, fucose. Lipid metabolism: In addition to its activities in processing and sorting glycoproteins, the Golgi complex functions in lipid metabolism in particular, in the synthesis of glycoproteins and sphingomyelin. Ceramide, which is synthesized in the ER, is converted either to sphingomyelin or to glycolipid in the Golgi complex. The Golgi complex also acts as a major site of carbohydrate metabolism. In plant cells, it acts as the site where complex polysaccharides of the cell wall are synthesized. Complex cell wall polysaccharides such as hemicelluloses and pectins are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus and then transported in vesicles to the cell surface. In animals, most of glycoaminoglycans of the extracellular matrix are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus.

How To Do Percentages Online Tutoring - Maths Online Tutors

How To Do Percentages Online Tutoring - Maths Online Tutors We can define percentage as a number or as a ratio which is a fraction of 100. In general, we can say percent is per 100. We can denote the percent by a symbol that is %. We can also say, percentages are used to express how small (or large) quantity related with large (or small). For example, we can read 20% as twenty percent. We can write this as (20/100). We can find the percentage of a number by a formula that is Percentage = (Given number/Total number) x 100. Example 1: Find the percentage of math students out of 100 students if only 45 are from math department. Solution:The total number of students = 100 The number of students from math department = 45 Percentage of math students = (Number of math students/ Total number of students) x 100 = (45/100) x 100 = 45 % Hence the percentage of math students is 45%. Example 2: Find the percentage of baby boys in a hospital is out of 50 children was born, if only 27 are baby boys. Solution:The total number of children born in hospital = 50 The number of Children are boys = 27 Percentage of boy Children = (Number of Children are baby boys/ Total number of children born in hospital) x 100 = (27/50) x 100 = 27 x 2 = 54% Hence the percentage of baby boys is 54%.

Youre Normal If Change Makes You Uncomfortable - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / Youre Normal If Change Makes You Uncomfortable - Introvert Whisperer Youre Normal If Change Makes You Uncomfortable Earlier this year, I converted to a new webinar system. Needless to say, as with all new things you have a learning curve and discomfort for a while. As I was getting ready for the first webinar using the new system, I could tell I was really nervous. Although I had practiced the new system and had all of my instructions written down to follow, I WAS NERVOUS. The good news is that I made it through both sessions and didn’t suffer any major catastrophes! Not that both webinars were flawless, but nothing that stood in the way of presenting the information. I share this story to point out the transition of going to what was old and familiar to something new. Part of any transition is a level of discomfort. It doesn’t matter if it’s a new system, new person or a new job. We emotionally react the same each time we go through a transition. The only thing that may be different is how long and how intense our level of discomfort may be. Our life is a constant river of change. We don’t always notice all of the change but it’s central to our existence (and survival). The thing we don’t do well in our culture is to help each other recognize the emotional reaction we have with the change. Mostly, we like to ignore it and pretend it’s not there. We also sometimes think there is something wrong with us or with the situation. While I could go on and on about transition and our reactions (I teach whole classes on this topic), I will spare you to keep this light as we speed toward the weekend. Let me just leave you with a thought about Let me just leave you with a thought about transition: The next time you’re feeling uncomfortable in a new situation, rather than thinking something is wrong; acknowledge that you’re normal. Your discomfort will shrink and go away as the new situation becomes familiar. Here’s to normal! Go to top Do you know what your next career step is?  Many people don’t. I want to help you accelerate your career by connecting you with your Free Instant Access to my eBook on how to construct your Career SMART Goals â€" that will help you put together your actions and keep you accountable. Get your copy now and start your action plan today! Brought to you by Dorothy Tannahill-Moran â€" dedicated to unleashing your professional potential. Introvert Whisperer

How To Write A Great Resume When Applying To Business School

How To Write A Great Resume When Applying To Business School Guess what business schools look at first? Its not your GMAT, its not your GPA and its not even where you went to undergrad. At most schools, its your resume. And thats why your business school resume could be the most important factor in your admissions process. But, the GMAT is still crucial, and it is the most difficult part of the process. Your resume says who you are, but your GMAT says who you could be. If you want to send the right message, youll need proper GMAT prep to succeed. See more from Varsity Tutors on how to improve your GMAT score and contact us now for a GMAT tutor. Or see our complete GMAT blog. Format: Some business schools will post their preferred resume format, word count, page limit, style and even tips online. If you cant find it online, call the admissions office and ask for it. Those guidelines are your bible and must be followed. Most schools ask for an education section (dont include high school), relevant work section, skills section, hobbies/interests and possibly a personal statement (a one-sentence summary of who you are). Be an entrepreneur: Dont talk about how youd like to be, could beor even how you will be an entrepreneur talk about how you already are an entrepreneur. You need to prove this throughout your resume, and it starts with your personal statement. Example: Personal Statement: Leading entrepreneur in the Northeast Ohio Electronics Industry who will use The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania to create safer electronics Start your own company: Every student has an impressive experience on their resume. But, how many of them hold the title of CEO? Not many, and thats how you really impress business schools. Your business doesnt have to be big or even highly profitable. But, the fact that you turned an idea into a potential revenue stream will set you apart. Problem, action, resolution: When describing your professional experience, first state the problem, the action YOU took, and then finish with how YOU resolved it. Example: Companys online presence was quickly deteriorating (problem); led a team in finding a social media/online public relations firm (action) to increase web traffic 15% and social buzz 35% in six months (result) Exclude GPA/GMAT scores: If businesses schools need to see these, they will find them. Focus on your entrepreneurial and management skills. Gaps on your resume: Unemployment gaps of more than six months are like suffocating black holes. You need to do something during those gaps, such as: freelancing, exploring entrepreneurial opportunities, travelling or even prepping for the GMAT. But, most importantly, you have to be truthful. If you were laid off, its okay. Write about how it has made you a better employee, manager or even entrepreneur. Interests: Think about how your business school interview will start. If your interviewer can ask you about your playing the cello in a Les Misrablesproduction, it can really break the ice. Include one to two bullet points on your interests/hobbies. Write a new resume: If your resume reeks of the same one you used for a jobor even has the slightest scent of it, you will have no chance. Create an entirely different resume that thinks bigger than your industry-specific skills. Skills: In your skills section, include factors like: proficient in HTML coding, certified accountant, etc. But, you need to show larger skills of selling, networking, leading, managing, creativity skills, collaboration, quantitative abilities and intellect. Dont list these skills; no one will believe you. Instead, you have to prove them through relevant work examples. The business school application process starts with the GMAT, and for some students, thats right where it ends. Top programs only select a handful of students each year. And to compete, you need an elite GMAT score and resume. Varsity Tutors can help with some of the best private GMAT tutors. Contact us today and start your application off right with a GMAT tutor.

Where to Study Geography in the UK

Where to Study Geography in the UK The United Kingdom has so many Options for Learning Geography. Here are just a few. ChaptersGeography Courses in the United KingdomTaking a Geography Course in LondonGeography Classes across LeedsStudying Geography in BirminghamThe Best Options for Learning Geography in ManchesterGeography in Further and Higher Education in GlasgowConclusionGeography is an incredibly broad and diverse discipline, which overlaps with many of the other subjects relevant to the planet today. If you look at our world and the main issues facing it â€" from migration and climate change to natural resource management and geopolitics â€" each of these is fundamentally geographical in nature.Yet, the subject does not only concern itself with the world’s problems. Drawing on other disciplines, including sociology, biology, cultural studies, geology, and even mathematics and statistics, it can often be a source of wonder and intellectual challenge for students.Think of the landforms and physical features of the earth â€" this is all geography. Or the ways that people live, move, and think to gether â€" this too is geography. At university level, geography can even involve the study of poetry, philosophy, and politics. It is a brilliantly surprising subject â€" and it’s not just ‘colouring in a map’, as many people will joke.A symbol of Britain, but a very interesting geographical feature too! SerenaGeography Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JoelGeography Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ChloeGeography Teacher £10/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MatthewGeography Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DavidGeography Teacher 5.00 (10) £32/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ConnieGeography Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LaurieGeography Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SamGeography Teacher £10/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsGeography Courses in the United KingdomThe UK is a fantastic place to study geography, with institutions up and down the country offering a range of different courses to learners of all levels, demographics, and ages. If you have never before thought about the concepts of cartography and globalisation, or if you are very comfortable with these ideas but want to develop your knowledge of geographical information systems, you’ll find options for you across all of the main cities in Britain.Here are some of the best options, ranging from revision classes and private tuition to university courses, diplomas, and Continuing Professional Development â€" each organised by city. The information here will help you to find the geography class you want outside of these cities too.Taking a Geography Course in LondonPeople who live in London have the tendency to think their city is the centre of the world, let alone Britain. But, in terms of geography, it sort of is, with many of the national geographic institutions being based from the capital â€" including the Royal Geographical Society and the Geographical As sociation.London also has world-class universities, including University College London (UCL), King’s College, Imperial, the London School of Economics (LSE) and many others. The majority of them, apart from the most specialist, offer geography at undergraduate level and in Master’s courses and PhDs. Depending on which of the many university league tables you consult, LSE and UCL offer the most prestigious geography courses in the capital. As ever, the Open University’s online degree courses are a brilliant option too.Yet, in terms of further education, the options are just as good. There are colleges across London offering all manner of different classes â€" in human geography, cultural geography, and physical geography. City and Islington College and Birkbeck College are both worth a look for any prospective A Level student or those interested in taking a Certificate in Higher Education.And to supplement your A Level or GCSE studies, London boasts a staggering array of diffe rent revision courses, offered by private schools, charities, and other organisations across the city. Those offered by Mander Portman Woodward and by IntoUniversity are some of the best. Each can consolidate the skills and knowledge you will need for your examinations â€" whatever the elective module or exam board.Otherwise, try out Superprof, the online platform that links students with first-class tuition. If you are struggling with your grades or just looking to get a flavour of the subject, there are over 130 brilliant tutors in your city ready to get your geographical knowledge in gear!London is a centre of geographical learning across the world.Geography Classes across LeedsLeeds is another city with a comprehensive range of learning options in geography. From the university â€" which ranks as one of the best in the country for geography â€" to the various college, revision, and supplementary classes, there are all sorts of opportunities to improve your knowledge of geographi cal phenomena and the economic and natural environment.To start with higher education, the University of Leeds offers world-class teaching in every field you might desire to pursue. At Leeds, you can either take a Bachelor of Arts or a Bachelor of Science in geography, an important choice at undergraduate level that will determine whether you study the more humanities aspects of the subject â€" the human and cultural parts â€" or those orientated towards social science.Something unique offered by the University of Leeds is the FutureLearn programme, a series of online courses â€" in all sorts of subjects, not just geography â€" designed both as a teaser and, if studied comprehensively, as parts to make up a qualification. The really brilliant thing about these courses, which are intended for the casual learner, is that they are absolutely free.In terms of further education â€" or professional and extended learning distinct from that at degree level â€" Leeds has a number of colleges that can help you out. From the Step-Up Pathway qualifications to the more familiar A Levels, the Leeds City College and the University Technical College Leeds are institutions renowned for providing teaching excellence â€" to any member of society.For those looking to develop their examination skills â€" in preparation for A Level exams or even GCSEs â€" the Leeds area hosts both Tutor2U and Justin Craig, two organisations that specialise in revision classes. They both offer group revision sessions in school holidays and before the exam season â€" and they are both quite popular. SerenaGeography Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JoelGeography Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ChloeGeography Teacher £10/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MatthewGeography Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DavidGeography Teacher 5.00 (10) £32/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ConnieGeography Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Disc over all our tutors LaurieGeography Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SamGeography Teacher £10/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsStudying Geography in BirminghamFor those of you who have studied geography at any level in England, you will know probably know all about Birmingham â€" as it is an essential case study for a diversity of themes in urban studies. For those of you living in the city, the options for you to learn geography are just as diverse.In Birmingham, the opportunities for studying geography at A Levelâ€" alongside mainstream school â€" are many, and the best place to start looking is at the Birmingham Metropolitan College (or BMET) or the South and City College. Between the two, they have eighteen campuses across the city, and BMET alone has nearly thirty thousand students. They provide Birmingham with the range of opportunities to study A Levels, BTECS, and the Social Science Access to Higher Education qualification â€" and geography is in cluded in both.The University of Birmingham is a brilliant institution that offers a remarkable diversity of courses for geography undergraduate students â€" in Geography, Environmental Science, Earth Sciences, and Planning â€" and taught grad programmes in Hydrogeology and Human Geography, as well as PhDs.The University’s access and outreach programme is particularly strong in geography, as, across the academic year, dedicated days are set aside to offer workshops and lectures to children and young adults with an interest in the subject. There are geography-focused photography competitions and a general ethos of inclusion and work with the local community, and all the workshops are run by the alumni and professors at the university.Online options are just as readily available. The Open University, being a national institution, can be studied from Birmingham, and there is always Superprof’s excellent one-on-one tuition to strengthen your knowledge outside of the course and curri culum!The Best Options for Learning Geography in ManchesterManchester, these days, is a big draw for students and young professionals â€" owing to its nightlife scene, its generally cool vibe, and the fact that it is much more affordable than London! So, if you live there already, or if you are new to the city, and you are hoping to study geography in one form or another, you’ll be pleased to hear that Manchester has more than enough educational opportunities to keep you satisfied.Whilst you might be in mainstream education â€" at school studying GCSEs or A Levels â€" you might want to check out the Saturday schools and evening classes available across the city, in which to build on your learning with courses in your first language. Many communities in Manchester â€" and across the UK in general actually â€" have set up supplementary schools to promote cultural knowledge. These schools are designed to give you broader perspectives on the material you study in school, and so, if yo u decide to attend, you will study geography, history, maths, and other core subjects whilst developing your language skills too.You might also benefit from the revision classes on offer in the city, which, as in other cities across the UK, usually take place in school breaks and in exam season. Justin Craig has a number of centres in Manchester â€" which offer classes concerned with the breadth of your A Level and GCSE geography courses â€" and A Level Revision UK runs a course that focuses on the Edexcel geography A Level.As in Leeds, the University of Manchester offers both a BA and a BSc in the subject, allowing you immediately to take your study of geography in the theoretical and analytical directions you prefer. For a Master’s, you have a range of options available, including taught courses in Geographical Information Science and Environmental Studies, to name just a couple.If you are a professional seeking to develop your skills and employability, the Manchester Metropolit an University might be something to consider as well, as it offers a range of Continuing Professional Development courses in geography. Here, you can study Geography of Health or Environmental Management, both from a professional perspective.Geography in Further and Higher Education in GlasgowAs Glasgow is in Scotland, the options here vary a little. If anything, there is a wider variety of opportunities, as the Scottish Government has made a great effort in providing qualifications that aren’t based around the linear progression through GCSEs, A Levels, and degree-level awards. Indeed, as you will know if you are Scottish, in Scotland GCSEs and A Levels are replaced by National 5s and Highers respectively.Glasgow’s further education opportunities are very varied, with Glasgow Clyde College and the City of Glasgow College offering an array of qualifications in the social sciences. Alongside Highers and Advanced Highers, they offer National Qualifications and Certificates, Scotti sh Wider Access Programme (SWAP) qualifications, and Higher National Diplomas. The SWAP scheme is aimed at mature students hoping to gain admission to university, so it’s one of the best options if this applies to you!The University of Glasgow has a well-renowned geography school, whose reputation is based largely on its human and cultural geography department. Here you can study the four-year undergraduate degree and pursue postgraduate research in a broad array of topics. If you are into the political side of geography â€" climate change, resource consumption, and the geopolitics of energy â€" you should take a look at the Master’s programme at Glasgow Caledonian University called Climate Justice. The only course of its kind in the world, it will teach you about the injustices and inequalities surrounding energy use and the impact â€" both ecological and political â€" that it is having upon the world.Whilst the University of Strathclyde â€" another Glasgow-based higher educati on institution â€" is not as well-known as the others, you might want to take advantage of the courses they offer in Lifelong Learning. This is a government scheme that promotes personal and professional growth at all stages of life, and the courses Strathclyde offers are all locally based and diverse in their topics.The Scholar Tutoring Agency also runs their Higher revision classes from the University of Strathclyde, which are designed to help young people to ace their examinations and have the best chance of getting a place at their favoured university.A great place to study geography is Glasgow, Scotland's second city.ConclusionAs you will now know, the United Kingdom is well-equipped with opportunities to enhance your knowledge of the natural and human worlds, and the interrelationship between them. With the assets that the country â€" and all these cities â€" have, if you are interested in geography, there is nothing to hold you back!